一、术从前当即
Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.
入院不久为了前提产妇份的安全和有许多工作要认真。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要检测并日志生命恶性肿瘤。将任何出现异常询问牙医。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有单极，例如、随心所欲以及铁皮都确实系上。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.师长似乎亦会希望让染病征戴着铁皮，所以护理人员须要要心理师长的敦促。3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.
第三，染病征须要要除去指甲油并卸妆。这样亦会让牙医更易识别产妇是否患有铜色染病。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination铜色染病通常说明了染病征须要要输氧。还应当系上发夹等发饰，以免引致感染。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过排便或者导尿丢弃腹腔。腹腔内展现分泌物似乎亦会在切除过程中都受到破坏。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，术从前染病征须要适用；也剂丢弃肠道，小切除除外。这亦会可避免很多术后痛楚染病因。还可以可避免感染。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静剂通常在染病征进入切除室从前30分钟到一小时内服用。这可以让过程顺利完成地更易一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后确实轻声心里染病征进入经年累月。切除室内有时可以允许染病征的一位家属照料。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，染病征的染病历表确实带入切除室，并且一栏须要要完整。纸片须要要还包括所有的化验和X光检查报告以及一份签名的切除特许等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.过敏原和所须要药剂，如胰岛素，也应在一栏中都注明。Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.
劳驾，三王护理人员。我想去卫生间。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你不用去卫生间。商量你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在床上沾呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.切除不久几天你是不允许下床的。所以你须要要历史学家适用便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我试试。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候进切除室？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.是从午时。我亦会在七点忘了你然后从你的鼻孔中都插入一根胃管。Could you tell me why?
你能询问我为什么要插胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.切除后第二、三天我们须要要通过胃管给你喂食。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.是从下午三点。How can my wife know about the operation?我前夫怎样明白我切除的进展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她亦会在等候室。切除一结束我们亦会当即事先她。He you signed the consent?你在达成协议报上递交了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。切除从前我确实认真什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们亦会给你剃须认真清扫。然后你要洗个澡。早餐你要肉一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我知道了。切除亦会很心痛吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，切除过程中都你不亦会感受到任何痛楚。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.切除后你醒来的时候就已经在切除室了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你似乎亦会感到看起来心痛并昏昏沉沉。如果痛楚难忍的话我们亦会给你服用一些更为具体情况严重痛楚的药剂。Thank you.对不起你 二、切除中都Operator, put me through to the operating room please.
话务员，商量老大我接切除室。Just a minute. The line is engaged.稍等。目从前分之一线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.切除室May I speak to the head nurse?能商量医务人员接电话吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?
你好，我是医务人员。有什么可以老大您？What's going on in the operation room right now?切除室中都目从前是什么具体情况。I he an emergency case coming in.我当即有一个即时染传染病。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天下午三王牙医的急性阑尾炎切除认真前提当即。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时从前发送到了一个具体情况严重肋骨骨折的产妇。他须要要当即接受胸腔切除。你们老大我须要即时切除吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我当即认真前提当即。一切当即完毕不久我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。商量询问护理人员血库亦会给我们3或4该单位的B型血供切除适用。Anything else?还有其他要交代的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我须要要认真全身，须要要一位私人秘书。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我当即事先三王牙医。Thank you.对不起你。You're welcome.不客气。After the operation. 三、术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.染病征还在昏倒状态，多知悉。What kind of surgery has he had?他接受了什么切除？A chest operation.胸腔切除。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么药剂过敏吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶过敏。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?切除中都他坏死很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他坏死400ml。我们给他输了2该单位的红血球。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他输其他凝胶了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升内含5%的蒸馏水。 四、切除后康复与护理After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.
切除不久，外科产妇通常须要要加强护理。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其中都有一些原因。当然，也亦会有一些常见问题消失。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些问题是可以注定的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.切除不久须要要对产妇顺利完成瘀血物理现象强制执行。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.产妇的很多染病因与必需的染病理问题无关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些产妇亦会消失术中都出血或术后感染。It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.
这亦会致使切除后染病情恢复原不不稳定的。因此产妇须要要之外护理人员。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种具体情况在送医切除产妇身上比较常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果产妇突然糖类失调，须要要将其送入病患加强护理切除室。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透性创伤染病征还亦会消失瘀血物理现象不不稳定的。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很似乎亦会消失急性坏死质子化，这是由具体情况严重骨质或者软组织受伤致使。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果消失低血容量性休克，这说明了伤势具体情况严重。有时须要要对产妇顺利完成肾衰竭来可用其体内血液。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.产妇的表征转变偶尔也亦会须要要之外强制执行。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非症状疾染病的送医染病征的症状与肠穿孔粘性或肠坏死有关，那么染病征整个EVA似乎亦会受其因素。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些因素亦会分别致使各个脑部的有系统坏死质子化。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不遏止放射治疗，染病征似乎消失多脑部功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，病患病患切除室的染病征大部分是外科切除染病征。 五、术后恢复原Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.
三王牙医，我这里很心痛。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你掀开一些止心痛药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?从前好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水吃吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.痛心，以致于你从前不可以吃水。但是我可以在你的喉咙上蘸一些水老大你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?对不起。我什么时候可以吃水？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.须要要等你的肠鸣音和咽反射恢复原不久才可以吃。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以肉样子了吗？I'm afraid you can't.以致于没用。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以肉样子？You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.
切除一天不久你可以肉一些流食。然后你慢慢可以肉软食，切除四天不久就可以长时间用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无危险性或者不亦会致使气态产生的凝胶为主，例如茶、咖啡、屏蔽酒类、蔬菜汁和无脂煮。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食还包括煮、虾子、非水煮奶、糕、佐料、饺子等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我确实可避免肉哪些进食呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.油腻的小食、过多的色拉酱酱料、水煮酒类、猪油等。Anything important?还有什么须要要需注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，昨天你须要要认真一些呼吸唱歌。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.呼吸唱歌可以预防呼吸系统肾衰竭。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己认真唱歌吗，还是你亦会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我亦会老大你，给你提一些敦促。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你从前可以询问我怎样认真吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。按住切除切口，深呼吸然后咳嗽。我亦会把你的床头消退一些。I see.我知道了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你感到有什么痛楚的话商量按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我亦会的，对不起你。相关新闻
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